Governor Wentworth，with all or most of the Masonian Proprietors（所有者，经营者）as his councilors（评议员），then proceeded to grant towns to prospective settlers as equally as possible．In addition to the thirtyeight towns already granted，more than a hundred others followed after the year 1761．These towns contained lots available to more than thirty thousand families，many from the older towns in southern New Hampshire and Massachusetts，but many from other neighboring states．Some of these towns were located in Vermont，to be released later by a court order（法院指令，法庭庭谕），which made the western shore of the Connecticut River the state boundary line．
Benning Wentworth died in 1770．He was succeeded by his nephew who later became Sir John Wentworth，the last of the royal governors．He is perhaps best known because of his purchase of a thirtysix mile tract of land on the shore of Lake Winnipesaukee（温尼泊索基湖，新罕布什尔州中东部一湖泊，是一个受人欢迎的游览胜地）where he established an estate known as Kingswood．It afterward become Wolfeborough．
Governor Sir John Wentworth’s beneficial acts to the state included the building of roads，including one from Portsmouth to Kingswood；publishing the first accurate state map；organizing the State militia（民兵），a member of which was Major Benjamin Thompson of Concord who afterward became known as Count Rumford；his help in founding Dartmouth College；and the building of Wentworth House，now owned by the State．Loyal to the English crown，he embarked for Nova Scotia at the beginning of the Revolution，there to become its lieutenant governor until his death in 1820．
A preRevolution event occurring in New Hampshire was the removal in 1774，by a small party of patriots（爱国者）at New Castle，of the powder and guns at Fort William and Mary．New Hampshire’s participation in the Battle of Bunker Hill at which nearly all the troops doing the actual fighting were said to have been from this State；the signing of the Declaration of Independence（独立宣言）by New Hampshire’s Josiah Bartlett，Matthew Thornton，and William Whipple；General John Stark’s victory at the Battle of Bennington；and the success of Captain John Paul Jones at sea．
As leaders in the revolutionary cause，New Hampshire delegates received the honor of being the first to vote for the Declaration of Independence on July 4，1776and to establish its own government（Jan．，1776）．New Hampshire became the ninth and last necessary state to ratify（批准，认可）the new Constitution of the United States on June 21，1788．New Hampshire’s northern boundary was fixed in 1842when the WebsterAshburton Treaty set the international line between Canada and the United States．
The Democrats remained in political control until their inability to take a united antislavery（反对奴隶制度）stand brought about their decline．When Franklin Pierce，New Hampshire’s only President of the United States，tried to smooth over the slavery quarrel and unite his party，antislavery（反对奴隶制度的）sentiment（情感，情绪）was strong enough to alienate（疏远）many of his followers．During the Civil War，New Hampshire was a strong supporter of the Northern cause and contributed many troops to the Union forces．Portsmouth Naval Shipyard（造船所）built ships that blockaded（封锁）Southern ports．
On April 15，1861，the day following the surrender（投降）of Fort Sumter，President Abraham Lincoln issued a call for 75，000volunteers for three months service．The next day，New Hampshire Governor Ichabod Goodwin issued a call for one regiment of volunteers．The Civil War lasted four years rather than three months and before it ended in April of 1865，New Hampshire had supplied the Union with eighteen regiments（团），including two cavalry（骑兵）units，four artillery units and three companies of sharpshooters．
Over 38，943New Hampshire residents served during the War —approximately 12percent of the state’s population（1860Census）．32，486served in New Hampshire units，3，160enlisted in the U．S．Navy，and 396joined AfricanAmerican regiments．By war’s end，1，934New Hampshire soldiers and sailors had died from war wounds，2，407from disease，and 499died from undetermined（未确定的）causes．
After the war，the once agricultural state began a period of industrial growth with new businesses and factories．Thousands of immigrants from Canada and Europe came to work in textile（纺织品），woodworking，and leather industries．Many farmers left to claim free land in the West，creating more of an urban New Hampshire．
New Hampshire gained a measure of international attention in 1905when Portsmouth Naval Base played host to the signing of the treaty ending the RussoJapanese War，known as the Treaty of Portsmouth．
After the war New Hampshire’s economy began to emerge as primarily industrial，and population growth was steady although never spectacular（引人入胜的，壮观的）．The production of woolen and cotton goods and the manufacturing of shoes led all other enterprises．The forests were rapidly and ruthlessly（冷酷地，残忍地）exploited，but in 1911a bill was passed to protect big rivers by creating forest reserves at their headwaters（源头，上游），and since that time numerous conservation measures have been enacted and large tracts of woodland have been placed under state and national ownership．
During World War I，Portsmouth again supplied warships．Leather and shoe manufacturing became the state’s leading industry．World War II，required more warships（军舰，战船）and submarines（潜水艇，潜艇）．Military uniforms were supplied from textile mills and boots from shoe factories．
The Great Depression of the 1930s severely dislocated the state’s economy，especially in the oneindustry towns．The effort made then to broaden economic activities has been continually intensified（加强）．The recent establishment of important new industries such as electronics has successfully counterbalanced（使平衡，弥补）the departure to other states of older industries such as textiles．
In 1944，the International Monetary Conference was held in Bretton Woods，to help restore world trade after the war．Representatives from 44different countries came together and established the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank．
