登陆注册
46385000000020

第20章 More about Timber

1.The Fir. -The fir and pine family are perhaps the most valuable of all our timber trees, because they are plentiful, and therefore cheap.

The wood of these trees is not so strong nor so durable as many other kinds of timber, but it is easily worked.

The famil y c omprise a great variety of trees. The most valuable among them are the larch, the pitch-pine, and the firs and pines of Norway,Sweden, Russia, Germany, and North America. These trees are all resinous, andyield resin, turpentine, and tar. The pinewoods of North America are said to be rich enough to supply the whole world with turpentine and resin.

The white and yellow pine of the Canadian forests is not one of the strong or durable woods, but it is much in demand in this country because it is so easily worked.

Engineers make great use of this wood for models and patterns. Its smoothness of surface, its comparative freedom from knots and from the liability to warp as well as the ease with which it can be cut, make it specially suitable for this purpose.

The Scotch fir yields a very valuable timber, little inferior to oak. It is obtained from Scotland, Sweden, Norway, and Russia, and is frequently named red pine, red deal, and Riga fir. The spruce and silver firs are used largely for making ladders, masts of ships, scaffolding, etc.

2.Hornbeam. -This wood, from the closeness of its grain and the remarkable toughness of its fibers, is employed by engineers for the teeth of cog-wheels. It is also used for making mallet heads. For these purposes the wood is superior to all others, owing to its stringy structure and its great cohesive strength.

3.Mahogany. -This is a beautiful close-grained wood, capable of taking a high polish. It is remarkably free from liability to shrink, warp, or twist. It is superior to all other woods in its readiness to take a firm hold of glue. It is highly valued for furniture making, but will notstand exposure to the weather. The wood of the limbs or branches is preferred for ornamental purposes, because the grain is closer, richer, and more variegated than in the trunk itself. The mahogany tree is the king of all the forest trees. In comparison with this giant most other trees look insignificant.

The best wood is that known as Spanish mahogany, which comes from the West Indies.

4.Oak. -The British oak is one of the strongest and most durable of woods. It suffers less than any other from water, or the changes in climate. It stands first amongthe hard-wooded timber trees for its general usefulness. It is highly prized for ship-building purposes. It is also invaluable for making roofs, for which purpose its lightness, combined with itsstrength and durability, specially fit it. It is well-adapted also for the staves for casks, and for carriage wheels. Indeed, it is the best possible wood forall purposes where lightness and strength are required in combination.

5.Teak. -Of all the hard woods imported into this country, teak is the most valuable. It is useful for all purposes in which we employ oak. It is equally durable, and is not subject to decay through exposure to a hot climate, nor from worms or insects. It is largely used in shipbuilding,and in making gun-carriages.

Lesson 22

同类推荐
  • 英语PARTY——小品生活

    英语PARTY——小品生活

    本套书籍带你领略英语世界风景,感悟英语学习氛围,有助于英语学习。
  • 《新编大学英语④》词汇突破记忆

    《新编大学英语④》词汇突破记忆

    本书根据《新编大学英语④》(浙江大学编著,外语教学与研究出版社出版)教材编写,包含课内阅读和课后阅读的所有词汇、词组,并给出同义、反义、考点、例句、辨析。编写本书的目的是提倡学生在句子中记忆单词,以便快速突破词汇关。书中每个单元都设有同步测试题,书后有词汇自测题3套,供学生自我检查用。对于使用《新编大学英语④》教材的学生,本书不失为一本有助于强化理解、联想记忆、方便实用的学习辅导书。
  • 澳大利亚学生文学读本(第1册)

    澳大利亚学生文学读本(第1册)

    从最简单入门的英语句式、拼写与发音开始,并且附有大量插图,通过趣味而有教育意义的故事,引发孩子们学习语言的兴趣;并向规范、美丽的文学作品过渡,让孩子们掌握语言的艺术,感受本国的人文历史。是中国学生学习英语、全面了解西方社会的很好途径。
  • 生活英语会话想说就会说

    生活英语会话想说就会说

    看到26个字母就鸭梨山大?还是在死磕“哑巴英语”?别担心,本书将生活和英语结合起来,让您在生活中轻轻松松学习英语。其中内容涉及生话英语交流中的各种典型场景。从爱情婚姻、生活起居、购物天地,食全食美、家庭理财、医院就医、家庭汽车、谈天说地和社会问题等方面来展现生活休闲过程中的各种真实情景,所选题材齐全,语言简洁明快,易学好记,实用性强。
  • 简·爱(英文原版)

    简·爱(英文原版)

    《简·爱》是英国女作家夏洛蒂·勃朗特创作的一部带有自传性质的长篇小说。作品以一个父母双亡、从小被送进孤儿院的女孩简·爱为主人公,讲述她在各种磨难中坚持自我、不畏挫折、不懈努力地追求自由与尊严,很终获得幸福的故事。小说引人入胜地描绘了男女主人公曲折的爱情经历,成功塑造了一位富有激情、幻想,且具有反抗精神、勇于追求自由与平等的妇女形象。百余年来,简·爱的形象深入人心,对世界各国的读者都产生了较为深远的影响。
热门推荐
  • 庆余年之谋权篡位

    庆余年之谋权篡位

    新书《穿越自己小说里的我只好修仙自救》已发布,欢迎大家投资品鉴! 苏云意外来到庆余年的世界,没有成为范闲的哥哥,也没成为范闲的弟弟,甚至连跟范闲一点亲戚关系都不沾。这要我怎么开局?苏云表示自己好累。不过没关系,咱自己来!
  • 随身异能空间

    随身异能空间

    从小失去父母,孤苦伶仃长大的在陈晓晓经过失恋和朋友背叛后的双重打击之后,失魂落魄之时,在网上疯狂购物直到买了那条项链….接着发现了一个属于她自己的空间而这个空间,居然还能升级而且因为这个空间从而发生了很多不可思议的事情甚至还因为异能的关系差点丢掉性命但是...她变得不再像从前一样自卑,而是一个自信的女孩….
  • 霸王煞星

    霸王煞星

    在武学和蒸汽共存的神奇时代。在帝国割据的混乱之土“将魂”与机装构架起这个崭新的世界。一位来自东方大陆的项家后人“项焱”,拥有绝世将魂“霸王”,却被家族被流放到南方大陆,从此霸王将再度降临人间。这个世界没有花哨的魔法和玄幻的斗气,这里是将魂的世界
  • 初恋为你做过的那些傻事

    初恋为你做过的那些傻事

    18岁的安小桃,喜欢上了19岁的陈子晧,曾经说好一辈子,可毕业以后,他们却还是分开。看似走到了尽头,却有人并不甘心。曾经以为天长地久的情事,在青春里一发酵,却成了兵荒马乱的年少悲歌……忠诚与异心、恪守与遗弃、坚持与逃避,还有年少轻狂时我们为彼此做过的傻事,青春半痛半痒,那么大声的在荒地上喧嚣,最后却将那句“你好我好”的誓言沉寂到无人知晓。
  • 王俊凯之爱你一生一世

    王俊凯之爱你一生一世

    她是一个不爱说话的女孩,她总是口是心非,但我王俊凯,总是不知道我喜欢她什么。
  • 天行

    天行

    号称“北辰骑神”的天才玩家以自创的“牧马冲锋流”战术击败了国服第一弓手北冥雪,被誉为天纵战榜第一骑士的他,却受到小人排挤,最终离开了效力已久的银狐俱乐部。是沉沦,还是再次崛起?恰逢其时,月恒集团第四款游戏“天行”正式上线,虚拟世界再起风云!
  • 婚变:老公不负责(大结局)

    婚变:老公不负责(大结局)

    一群:29816041为了抵抗日渐强大的炽集团,夏、凌两大家族决定联姻。可就在婚礼的前一天,准新娘突然离家出走,为了顺利举行婚礼,尚年小的夏欣然代替姐姐踏入结婚教堂。本以为嫁给心仪已久的穆凡哥哥,会迎来幸福美好的生活。可就在那一夜之后,她从此跌进地狱的深渊……新婚夜,走进她房间的人,一双深蓝色的眸子噙满嫌恶与仇视……“我看你还拿什么去爱凌穆凡!!!”……凌禹熙,一个毁掉她的人,因爱?还是恨?当明了自己的心时,他给她的伤害,可还有机会弥补?“我现在才发现,我爱的人……,一直都是你!”凌穆凡,深深地爱着她,可她的重量终抵不过他的事业。当他的野心达成时,那被他抛弃的人,可还会站在原地等他?“你不是爱我吗?为什么?……不跟我走?”蓝伊航,对她因怜生爱,为了她一直默默付出,即使赔上自己的一切也心甘情愿。这份真挚而毫无瑕疵的爱,在她看来是那么的沉重……“到底要我怎么做,你才可以放下过去?”*************************************************本文精彩视频:【http://www.56.com/u76/v_NDY3Njg1NDU.html】*************************************************小乖的爆笑新文,《狐作妃为:王爷娶我》http://novel.hongxiu.com/a/86815/********************************************
  • 血精灵大领主

    血精灵大领主

    宅男穿越到艾泽拉斯成了一位血精灵少女在变回男人的过程中泡妞和拯救世界的故事奇怪的切入点和以众不同的魔兽世界除了变身这点比较值得吐槽其实就是一本很正统的魔兽同人没有重口味和稀奇古怪的东西乱入书友群:1555659
  • 世界静悄悄

    世界静悄悄

    十个人,因为某种契机聚集在一起,共同面对未知的恐怖同时寻找着他们的出路,到底是谁在背后操纵着他们,这个世界又存在着怎样的秘密……
  • 万界轮回系统之末日

    万界轮回系统之末日

    本书讲述了由宇宙八级文明神武帝国发行的量产型“万界轮回系统”正式投入使用后,一位来自偏远星域的少年得到了此系统后,一路成长的故事本书轻松幽默。无虐主,轻热血。