[65] Schmidt， II. 377 (Dutard， June 13). Cf. Ibid.， II. 80. (Dutard， June 21)： "If the guillotining of the Thirty-Two were subject to a roll call， and the vote a secret one I declare to you no respectable man would fail to hasten in from the country to give his vote and that none of those now in Paris would fail to betake themselves to their section."[66] Schmidt， II. 35 (Dutard， June 13). On the sense of these two words， inferior aristocracy， Cf. All of Dutard's reports and those of other observers in the employ of Garat.
[67] Schmidt， II. 37 (Dutard， June 13).
[68] Schmidt， I. 328 (Perrière， May 28)： "Intelligent men and property-owners abandoned the section assemblies and handed them to others as these were places where the workman's fist prevailed against the speaker's tongue." - Moniteur. XV. 114 (session of Jan. 11， speech by Buzot). "There is not a man in this town who owns anything， that is not afraid of being insulted and struck in his section if he dares raise his voice against the ruling power. . . The permanent assemblies of Paris consist of a small number of men who have succeeded in keeping other citizens away." - Schmidt， I. 235 (Dutard， May 28)： "Another plan would be to drill young men in the use of the staff. One must be a sans-culotte， must live with sans-culottes， to discover the value of expedients of this kind. There is nothing the sans-culotte fears as much as a truncheon. A number of young men lately carried them in their trousers， and everybody trembled as they passed. I wished that the fashion were general."[69] Moniteur， XV. 95 (Letter of Charles Villette， deputy).
[70] Moniteur， XV. 179 (Letter of Roland， Jan. 11. 1793).
[71] Moniteur， XV. 66， session of Jan. 5， speech of the mayor of Paris； (Chambon) - Ib.， XV 114， session of Jan. 14， speech by Buzot； -- Ib.， XV. 136， session of Jan. 13. Speech by a deputation of Federates. - Buchez et Roux， XXVIII. 91 (Letter of Gadolle to Roland， October， 1792). -- XXI. 417 (Dec. 20， article by Marat)： " Boredom and disgust have emptied the assemblies. -- Schmidt， II， 69 (Dutard， June 18).
[72] Schmidt， I. 203. (Dutard， May 10). The engravings published during the early period of the Revolution and under the directory exhibit this scene perfectly (cabinet des estampes， Paris).
[73] Moniteur， XV. 67 (session of Jan. 5， 1793). Speech by the mayor of Paris.
[74] Schmidt， I. 378 (Blanc， June 12).
[75] Schmidt， II. 5 (Dutard， June 5).
[76] Schmidt， II. (Dutard， June 11) -- Ibid.， II. (Dutard， June i8)：
"I should like to visit with you，" if it were possible， "the 3，000 or 4，000 wine-dealers， and the equally numerous places of refreshment in Paris； you would find the 15，000 clerks they employ constantly busy.
If we should then go to the offices of the 114 notaries， we should again find two-thirds of these gentlemen in their caps and red slippers， also very much engaged. We might then， again， go to the 200or 300 printing establishments， where we should find 4，000 or 5，000editors， compositors， clerks， and porters all conservatized because they no longer earn what they did before； and some because they have made a fortune." -- The incompatibility between modern life and direct democratic rule strikes one at every step， owing to modern life being carried out under other conditions than those which characterized life in ancient times. For modern life these conditions are， the magnitude of States， the division of labor， the suppression of slavery and the requirements of personal comforts and prosperity. Neither the Girondists nor the Montagnards， who aimed to revive Athenian and Spartan ways， comprehended the precisely opposite conditions on which Athens and Sparta flourished.
[77] Schmidt， I. 207 (Dutard， May 10).
[78] Schmidt， II. 79 (Dutard， June 19).
[79] Schmidt， II.70 (Dutard， June 10).
[80] Lenin must have felt encouraged by reading these lines which can only have increase his disdain for the "capitalist" and bourgeoisie.
(SR).
[81] Mortimer-Ternaux， V. 101.
[82] Meillan， 54. -- Raffet， Henriot's competitor and denounced as an aristocrat， had at first the most votes， 4，953 against 4，578. At the last ballot， out of about 15，000 he still has 5，900 against 9，087 for Henriot. -- Mortimer-Ternaux， VIII. 31： "The electors had to vote thirty at a time. All who dared give their votes to Raffet were marked with a red cross on the roll-call， followed by the epithet of anti-revolutionary."[83] Schmidt， II. 37 (Dutard， June 13)： "Marat and others have a party of from 4，000 to 6，000 men， who would do anything to rescue them." --Meillan， 155 (depositions taken by the Commission of the Twelve)：
Laforet has stated that there were 6，000 sans-culottes to massacre objectionable deputies at the first signal. -- Schmidt， II， 87(Dutard， June 24)： "I know that there are not in all Paris 3，000decided revolutionaries."[84] Moniteur， XV. 114， session of Jan. 11， speech by Buzot. --Ibid.， 136， session of Jan. 13， speech of the Federates of Finisterre.
- Buchez et Roux， XXVIII. 80， 81， 87， 91， 93 (Letter of Gadolle to Roland， October 1792). - Schmidt， I. 207 (Dutard， May 10， 1793).
[85] Schmidt， II. 37 (Dutard， May 10， 1793).
[86] Mortimer-Ternaux， IV. 269 (petition presented by Gonchon.) -"Archives Nationales， AF， II 43. Letters of Gonchon to the Minister Garat， May 31， June 1， June 3， 1793). These are very odd and *****. He addresses the Minister Garat： "Citizen Garra."[87] Schmidt， I， 254 (Dutard， May 19). - Moniteur， XIV. 522 (Letter addressed to Roland number for Nov. 21， 1792)： "The sections (are)composed of， or at least frequented， nineteen-twentieth of them， by the lowest class， both in manners and information."[88] Schmidt， II. 39 (Dutard， June 13).
[89] Schmidt， II.87 (Dutard， June 14). The expression of these fish-women is still coarser.
[90] Rétif de la Bretonne ("Bibliographie de ses oeuvres， par Jacob， 287). -- (On the pillage of shops， Feb.25 and 26， 1793).
[91] Schmidt， II. 61； I. 265 (Dutard， May 21 and June 17).
