He is a well-bred boy. 他是一个极有教养的男孩。
What’s bred in the bone will came out in the flesh.
龙生龙凤生凤, 老鼠的儿子会打洞。
9.There is always the chance that enough offspring will be born to return them one day to their natural environment-provided it still exists, and that hunters don’t kill them again. 将来有一天他们有足够多的后代, 放他们回归自然, 这是完全可能的。当然有两个条件: 一是他们还存在, 二是猎人们不再捕杀他们。
1 )chance 作为名词, 在这里的意思是“ 可能(性)”。
2 )offspring 作为名词, 单、复数同形, 意思是“ 子孙、后代；(动物的)幼仔”。
She is the offspring of a ballet dancer.
她是一名芭蕾舞蹈家的后代。
3 )return 在这里是及物动词, 意思是“ 放回；送回；归还”。
When will you return me the money I lent you？
你什么时候把我借给你的钱还给我？
He returned a blow smartly. 他狠狠地还击一拳。
4 )provided (that)在这里是连词, 意思是“ 假若, 倘使”= on condition
(that), 引导条件状语从句。
P rovided that you keep quiet, you can come to the concert.
只要你保持安静, 你就可以去听音乐会。
I ’ll go, provided you go too. 除非你也去我才去。
10. Another method is to protect the animals in their natural environment by creating wildlife reserves and parks and using game wardens to look after them. 另一种方法是创建野生动物保护区, 由管理人员负责照料动物。
1 )介词by 在这里表方式, 意思是“ 通过；靠”。
He goes to work often by bus, sometimes by taxi.
他经常乘公共汽车上班, 有时候乘出租车。
I learn a lot about the current news by watching TV every day.
我每天看电视了解很多时事新闻。
2 )game 在这里的意思是“ 猎物；动物”, 是集合名词。
A good hunter always has game on the table.
好猎手的餐桌上总是有野味的。
The hounds trace the game by the scent. 猎狗闻着嗅味追踪猎物。
3 )look after 照料；看管
The nurses look after the patients patiently in the new hospital.
那家新医院的护士都很耐心地照顾病人。
Only an old man looks a fter their old house.
只有一位老人在照管他们的旧房子。
11. The hunters were armed with modern weapons and several people were killed. 猎手们持有现代化武器, 有少数人死去。
1 )后缀-er 或-or 附在动词后, 表示“ 执行、实施某一动作的人；从事某一职业的人”。也有少数这类的词是表示有某一功能的机器或工具。例如: runner 跑步者；astronomer 天文学家；governor 统治者；dishwasher 洗碗机。
2 )(be)armed with 供以或配备武器；装备
That is a warship a rmed with nuclear weapons.
那是一艘装备有核武器的战舰。
James Bond (007)is often a rmed with the best weapons.
詹姆斯·邦德(007 )常持有最好的武器。
12. There is great pleasure in watching wildlife in natural or near -natural environment, and tourism can add to the income of countries. 在自然环境或接近自然环境里观赏野生动物是很有趣的；旅游业也可给国家增加收入。
1 )介词in 在这里的意思是“ 当”= when, while。
In studying other cultures, you can learn more about your own.
在学习其他的文化时, 可以对自己民族的文化有更多的了解。
2 )add to 增加
The balloons can a dd to the festive atmosphere.
气球可以增添节日的气氛。
Reading can add constantly to our knowledge.
阅读能不断增进知识。
3 )辨异: income, earnings, n.
这两个词都含有“收入”的意思。
income 收入, 指普通的个人收入, 可以指工资收入或通过其他方式得到的收入。
He has a comfortable income. 他收入颇丰。
People on fixed incomes are hurt by inflation.
通货膨胀使靠固定收入生活的人受到了很大打击。
earnings 收入；赚来的钱。指通过劳动或工作所得的金钱酬劳, 也可指工资、薪金。
He soon spent all his ea rnings. 他不久便把赚来的钱花光了。
Te xt B
The Killer Smogs
烟雾杀手
Study of the Text
1.On the night of December 1, 1930, a dense fog moved over the Meuse Valley, in Belgium.
1930 年12 月1 日晚上, 浓雾笼罩在比利时默兹山谷上。
1 )介词on 在这里表示时间。表示在具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上, 用介词on。例如: on a sunny afternoon 在一个阳光明媚下午；on the Friday evening 在星期五晚上。
2 )over 在这里是介词, 意思是“ 在..上方, 上空”。
These telegraph wires over the streets are ugly.
街道上空的电线很难看。
The sky is over our head. 天在我们的头顶上。
Spread a cloth over the table. 在桌子上铺一块布。
3 )辨异: dense, thick, adj.
这两个词都有“浓的”意思。
thick 浓的, 稠密的。是日常用词, 它的使用范围较广。
She has thick hair. 她头发浓密。
The whole area was thick with policemen. 整个地区布满了警察。
dense 稠密的, 浓厚的。它与thick 的意义大致相同, 但常指空气的变化或状态。也可指人口分布密集。
There is a dense fog this morning. 今天早晨有浓雾。
The Eastern part of China has dense population.
中国东部人口密集。
2.This created a dark smog of smoke and fog combined.
烟与雾交杂形成一片黑色的烟雾。
1 )smog 是由smoke 和fog 各取一部分合在一起的, 构成一个新词smog, 是个名词, 意思是“ 烟雾”。这类混合词还有许多, 例如:
International Police-Interpol 国际警察；transfer + resistor-transistor 半导体。
2 )辨异: smoke, fume, fog, n.
smoke 烟, 烟雾。指由燃烧物所产生的含炭粒等的可见雾气。
The room was full of smoke. 屋子里满是烟。
fume 烟, 气体。指有害的、气味难闻而强烈的烟或气体。
The strong fume of the acid nearly choked him.
这种酸的强烈气味几乎使他窒息。
fog 雾。指浓厚的雾, 不能察觉它的粒子。
London used to have bad fogs in winter.
伦敦过去冬季常有大雾。
3.Finally, a hea vy rain washed away the smog.
最终是一场大雨冲走了烟雾。
1 )heavy 在这里的意思是“ 猛烈的, 超出一般情况的”, 是形容词。
He often has hea vy work. 他经常工作繁重。
All of us had a hea vy heart at the bad news.
听到这个不好的消息, 我们大家都心情沉重。
2 )wash away 洗去, 冲洗掉
The small bridge wa s wa shed away by the flood.
这座小桥被洪水冲掉了。
He tries his best to help the poor so as to wash away his sin.
他尽最大努力去帮助穷人以洗清他的罪恶。
4.They concluded that the illnesses and deaths were caused by chemicals in the smog.
他们得出结论, 疾病与死亡是烟雾里的化学物质引起的。
1 )动词conclude 在这里的意思是“ 推断出；得出结论”。
The inquiry concluded that the accident had been caused by human error.调查的结论是这次事故是由于人们的错误造成的。
The jury concluded from the evidence that the accused man was not guilty. 根据证据陪审团得出结论被告无罪。
conclude 的名词形式是conclusion 意思是“ 结论；决定；结束”。
2 )death 和illness 在这里都是可数名词, 意思分别是“ 死亡”和“ 疾病”。
Drunken driving causes thousands of dea ths every year.
每年酒后驾车造成成千上万人的死亡。
Tuberculosis is a very serious illness.
结核病是一种很严重的疾病。
3 )chemical 在这里是名词, 常用复数形式, 意思是“ 化学药品；化学产品”。
A lot of poisonous chemica ls from the factory have been draining
into the river.这家工厂有毒的化学物品一直不断地大量排入河中。
5.It soon turned into black smog as the smoke of the city poured into the air. 随着城市里的烟尘排入空气, 白雾很快变成了黑烟雾。
1 )as 在这里的意思是“ 随着”, 是连词。
As the train approached his hometown, he became very excited.
随着火车渐渐靠近他的家乡, 他变得很激动了。
2 )turn into 使变成；进入He carried away everything he could turn into money.
他把一切能变成钱的东西都带走了。
Water turns into ice when temperature drops below zero.
温度降到零度以下, 水就结冰。
3 )pour into 流入；涌入
The river pours itself into the sea. 这条河流入大海。
Tourists pour into Beijing during the summer months.
夏季游客涌入北京旅游。
6.The chemical fumes combined with the water droplets in the fog to form harmful substances. 化学废气与水雾里的水滴混合而形成有害物质, 这些物质使呼吸了污染空气的人得病。
1 )combine with 结合；联合
We should combine theory with practice. 我们应该理论联系实际。
