8.In Act 1 of the show, an orange-colored block is lifted from a blue box and moved slowly across the stage. 演出第一幕是一个橘黄色的大块东西从蓝色箱上吊起, 慢慢地穿过舞台。
1 )act 在这里是名词, 意思是“ (戏的)幕”。如: a play in five acts 一个五幕剧；Hamlet, Act 1, Scene 3 哈姆雷特第一幕第三场。
2 )block 在这里是名词, 意思是“ 大块”。
A butcher cuts up his meat on a large block of wood.
屠夫在一个大木墩上切肉。
The statue is to be carved out of a block of marble.
石像将由一大块大理石雕成。
9.Act 2 is similar, except that the orange block is smaller.
第二幕也是相似的, 只是橘黄色的物块小了一些。
1 )similar 是个形容词, 在这里意思是“ 相似的, 相像的”。
Gold and brass are simila r to each other in colour.
金子和黄铜的颜色相似。
My opinion is similar to yours on this problem.
在这一个问题上我的意见和你的意见相同。
2 )辨异: except, besides, prep.
这组词均可表示“除..外”的意思。
except 指从整体中减去一部分。表示所说的事实不能适用那一部分。
He gets up early every day except Sunday.
除星期日之外, 他每天都起早床。
You have done everything except what I asked you.
我要你做的事你都没做。
besides 指除某东西外还有别的东西, 含有某东西加在另一东西之上的意思。
Do you play other games besides tennis？
除了打网球, 你还参加其他运动吗？
This design has many other advantages besides lower cost.
这个设计除了费用低外, 还有许多其他优点。
10. What produces aggression in little boys？
什么使男孩子产生这种攻击欲呢？
1 )produce 在这里是个及物动词, 意思是“ 产生”。
Their efforts produced no result. 他们的努力没有产生结果。
Our work ha s produced fruit. 我们的工作有了成果。
2 )介词in 在这里表示一个人的性格、品质。
He has no malice in him. 他并无恶意。
I didn’t think he had it in him to do such a thing.
我认为就他的品质来说, 不会做这样的事。
11. A team of psychologists discovered this by placing mothers and their one-year-old babies in a room filled with toys. 一组生理学家通过把母亲们和1 岁大的男婴们放在一个堆满玩具的屋子里才发现这一点的。
1 )discover 在这里是个及物动词, 意思是发现, 它的对象原来就存在, 但未被发现。如果它的对象原来不存在, 则应是invent, 意思是“发明”。
Who discovered the secret？谁发现的这个秘密？
James Watt invented the steam engine.
詹姆斯· 瓦特发明了蒸气机。
2 )one-year-old 是一种构词形式, 注意这里的名词后面不能用复数形式, 如five-year plan 五年计划；two-month vacation 两个月假期。
3 )fill with 装满, 使充满(人或物)
She filled my glass with lemonade. 她给我倒了一杯柠檬水。
Soon the hall was filled with people. 不久, 大厅就坐满了人。
12. From such observations and from conversations with mothers, the scientists learned about the treatment of baby boys and girls. 通过这样的观察和与母亲们的交谈, 科学家得知母亲对男婴和女婴不是一样对待的。
1 )conversation with 和..的交谈, 和..的会话
I’ve had several conversa tions with him. 我已经和他谈过几次了。
I saw him in conversa tion with a friend. 我看见他与朋友谈话。
2 )learn 在这里是个及物动词, 意思是“ 了解到”。
I lea rned this from someone else. 这事我是从别人那儿知道的。
I also lea rned the strength of the collective.
我还认识到了集体的力量。
13. Because boys are aggressive, they refuse to accept other people’s
solutions；they insist upon solving problems for themselves. 因为
男孩子富于“侵犯性”, 他们拒绝接受别人解决问题的方法, 他们坚持要自己解决问题。
1 )refuse to 不肯, 拒不
But they refused to bow to force. 但他们拒不向武力低头。
He refused to comply with their wishes. 他不肯按他们的意愿办。
2 )insist on /upon 坚持；一定要He insisted on his innocence. 他坚持说自己无罪。
He insisted on seeing us home. 他一定要送我们回家。
练习答案
课文A 练习
I. 阅读理解:
1. d 2. a 3. c 4. b 5. a
II. 找出下列单词或短语的同义词:
1. allocate 2. significantly
3. model 4. fantasy
5. motive 6. jeopardize
7. make sense of 8. monitor
9. initiate 10. depict
11. critiques 12. fascination
13. alternative
III. 把下列形容词变成名词:
1. imagination 2. evidence 3. fascination 4. imitation 5. reality 6. violence 7. significance 8. relation 9. observation 10. nature IV. 选择适当的短语完成下列句子:
1. crazy about 2. as well as 3. apply.to 4. The amount 5. make sense 6. distinguish.from 7. tend to 8. pointed out 9. put.together 10. The number of V. 将下列句子译成英语:
1. Violent films have great effect on preschool children.
2. Parents should monitor the amount as well as the kind of television their children watch.
3. Preschool children are not yet fully able to distinguish fantasy from reality.
